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A parameterization scheme for the x-ray linear attenuation coefficient and energy absorption coefficient.

S M Midgley1

  • 1School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia. stewart.midgley@spme.monash.edu.au

Physics in Medicine and Biology
|April 16, 2004
PubMed
Summary

A new method simplifies calculating x-ray interaction cross-sections for all elements. This approach accurately predicts linear attenuation and mass energy absorption coefficients using minimal parameters.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Science

Background:

  • Accurate calculation of x-ray interaction cross-sections is crucial for radiation shielding and medical imaging.
  • Existing methods often involve complex mathematical formalisms and extensive data tables.
  • A simplified, accurate parameterization is needed for broad applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, simplified parameterization for x-ray interaction cross-sections.
  • To accurately describe the x-ray linear attenuation coefficient and mass energy absorption coefficient for elements and mixtures.
  • To establish a method applicable across the periodic table and a wide energy range.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a new parameterization scheme based on atomic number (Z) dependence.

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  • Utilized a simple function of Z to describe elemental cross-sections (per electron).
  • Incorporated energy-dependent coefficients and composition-dependent quantities like electron density.

    • Main Results:

    • The parameterization accurately describes elemental cross-sections for the entire periodic table (1 < or = Z < or = 20) from 6 keV to 125 MeV.
    • Accuracy is better than 2% using a maximum of five coefficients.
    • For biologically important elements (1-20) and 30-150 keV, four coefficients suffice; fewer are needed at higher energies.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel parameterization offers a computationally efficient and accurate method for x-ray interaction coefficients.
    • This approach simplifies calculations for diverse elements and energies, applicable in various scientific fields.
    • The method reduces the complexity of x-ray interaction calculations without compromising accuracy.