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Deliberate self-harm as seen in Kampala, Uganda - a case-control study.

Eugene Kinyanda1, Heidi Hjelmeland, Seggane Musisi

  • 1Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science & Technology, Trondheim, Norway. ekinyanda@hotmail.com

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
|April 16, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Deliberate self-harm (DSH) predominantly affects young adults in Uganda, with pesticides being a common method. Factors like disturbed relationships and poverty contribute to this behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Deliberate self-harm (DSH) is a significant public health concern globally.
  • Limited research exists on DSH in African contexts, particularly in Uganda.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics and associated factors of deliberate self-harm (DSH) in Uganda.
  • To identify common methods and psychiatric disorders related to DSH in the study population.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study was conducted in three general hospitals in Kampala, Uganda.
  • 100 cases of DSH and 300 matched controls were recruited.
  • A modified European Parasuicide Study Interview Schedule I was used for structured interviews.

Main Results:

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  • The study found that 63% of DSH cases were male, with a peak age range of 20-24 years.
  • Higher education, socio-economic class, and poor housing were significantly associated with DSH.
  • Pesticides and medications (antimalarials, diazepam) were the primary methods used for DSH. Common psychiatric disorders included adjustment disorder, acute stress reactions, and depression.

Conclusions:

  • Deliberate self-harm in Uganda primarily affects young individuals.
  • Disturbed interpersonal relationships, poverty, and loneliness are key precipitating factors.
  • The prevalent use of pesticide poisoning necessitates a review of legislation controlling agricultural chemical sales.