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Universal decoherence in solids.

Eugene M Chudnovsky1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, New York 10468-1589, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|April 20, 2004
PubMed
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Quantum oscillations in solids experience decoherence from their atomic environment. This study derives a universal lower bound for this decoherence, using macroscopic solid parameters for systems with low oscillation frequencies.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Quantum systems in solids are susceptible to decoherence.
  • Decoherence limits the coherence time of quantum oscillations.
  • Understanding decoherence is crucial for quantum technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate symmetry implications on quantum decoherence in two-state systems within solids.
  • To derive a universal lower bound for decoherence.
  • To express this bound using macroscopic parameters, independent of unknown interaction constants.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of symmetry properties of a two-state system.
  • Derivation of decoherence bounds under specific frequency conditions (oscillation frequency << Debye frequency).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilizing macroscopic parameters of the solid material.

    • Main Results:

    • A universal lower bound for decoherence is established.
    • The bound is expressed solely in terms of macroscopic solid parameters.
    • This result holds for low oscillation frequency regimes compared to the Debye frequency.

    Conclusions:

    • Symmetry plays a key role in determining the fundamental limits of quantum decoherence.
    • The derived decoherence bound offers a practical, material-dependent prediction.
    • This work provides a pathway to engineer materials with reduced decoherence for quantum applications.