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[Characteristics of thyroid sonography in infants and children]

V Klingmüller1, C Fiedler, A Otten

  • 1Röntgenabteilung Pädiatrie des Klinikums der Justus-Liebig Universität, Giessen.

Der Radiologe
|July 1, 1992
PubMed

Insights

Ultrasound reveals normal thyroid gland volumes in children, from neonates to adolescents. Abnormalities in thyroid structure were detected in various pediatric conditions, highlighting ultrasound

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric endocrinology
  • Medical imaging
  • Ultrasound technology

Background:

  • Thyroid gland volume and structure are crucial indicators of health.
  • Establishing normal sonographic parameters in pediatric populations is essential for accurate diagnosis.
  • Variations in thyroid ultrasound can signify underlying endocrine or developmental issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish normal thyroid gland volume ranges using ultrasound in healthy children aged newborn to 17 years.
  • To identify characteristic ultrasonic differences in pediatric thyroid conditions compared to normal glands.
  • To assess the diagnostic value of thyroid sonography in childhood.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 598 healthy children (newborn to 17 years).
  • Thyroid gland examination using ultrasound.
  • Measurement of thyroid gland volume.
  • Comparison of ultrasonic structures between normal pediatric glands and those with specific conditions.

Main Results:

  • Normal thyroid gland volumes were established: 1.1 cm³ in neonates, 2 cm³ in 4-year-olds, and 8.7 cm³ in schoolchildren.
  • Distinct ultrasonic structural differences were observed in newborns, congenital hypothyroidism, median cervical cyst, autoimmune thyroiditis with diabetes, and adenoma.
  • Thyroid sonography provided valuable diagnostic information in pediatric cases.

Conclusions:

  • Ultrasound is a valuable tool for assessing thyroid gland volume and structure in children.
  • Normal sonographic reference ranges are established for pediatric thyroid glands.
  • Thyroid sonography effectively differentiates normal glands from those with various pathological conditions in childhood.

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