Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 24, 2026

Laboratory-determined Phosphorus Flux from Lake Sediments as a Measure of Internal Phosphorus Loading
Published on: March 6, 2014
Critical loads for Finnish lakes: comparison of three steady-state models
1Water and Environment Research Institute, National Board of Waters and the Environment, PO Box 250, SF-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
Abstract:
Three simple steady-state water-chemistry models are used to calculate critical loads of sulfur for lakes in Finland. Because of the high concentrations of organic matter in Finnish lakes, the influence of organic anions on the calculation of critical loads has been given special attention. The first two methods are well known ion-balance methods which have been used in many previous lake-acidification studies. The third method, developed for this study, includes the numerical solution of equilibrium equations for organic anions, inorganic carbon species and inorganic monomeric aluminum. The original pH and aluminum concentration of the lakes are estimated with this model, and a method to estimate the original acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) by simulating a Gran-titration is also tested on the lake data. Uncertainty in the predictions is estimated by varying the most critical model parameters.
Related Concept Videos
Typical Model Studies
Design Example: Creating a Hydraulic Model of a Dam Spillway
Modeling and Similitude
Growth Models with Integration: Problem Solving
Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.
Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Individual and Population Analysis

