Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 17, 2026

Clean Sampling and Analysis of River and Estuarine Waters for Trace Metal Studies
Published on: July 1, 2016
Evaluation of heavy metal lability in polluted soils by a cation exchange batch procedure
1Departamento de Química Aplicada (Química Analítica), Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco, Apdo. 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain.
Abstract:
A new extraction procedure with cationic exchange resins is proposed for the assessment of heavy metal lability in polluted soils. This method classifies soluble metal compounds in three levels according to their lability: very labile, moderately labile and non-labile. The concept of lability is based on the use of resins with different ability to interact with metals. The proposed procedure was applied to five samples of polluted soils. In the five soils, soluble Cd was found to be very labile, soluble Ni and Pb were mostly non-labile, Mn and Zn lability depended on the soil, while Cu had a fraction of moderately labile forms in four of the five soils. The resin extraction procedure was compared with the DTPA and CaCl2 extractions.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Qualitative Analysis
For instance, group IV...
Voltammetry: Stripping Methods
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (ASV)
ASV is used to determine metals and metalloids at trace levels. It involves two steps: deposition and stripping. First, a negative potential is applied to the...
EDTA: Direct, Back-, and Displacement Titration
Direct titration involves buffering the metal ion solution to the desired pH and directly titrating with standard EDTA until the endpoint. The optimum pH ensures a large conditional formation constant of metal−EDTA and visibility of the free indicator color in the solution. In addition, auxiliary complexing reagents are used to prevent the precipitation of metal hydroxides and...
Electrodeposition
Electrodeposition can...
Extraction: Advanced Methods
Microbial Leaching

