[Systemic mycoses. Epidemiology, clinical aspects, diagnosis].

Area of Science:

• Mycology
• Immunology
• Infectious Diseases

Context:

• Systemic mycoses are life-threatening infections with increasing global frequency.
• These infections predominantly affect profoundly immuno-suppressed patients undergoing advanced medical treatments.
• In Norway, common causative agents include Candida, Aspergillus, Cryptococci, and Mucorales.

Purpose:

• To elucidate the pathogenetic and immunologic mechanisms underlying systemic mycoses.
• To describe the various fungal agents responsible for these infections.
• To outline clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and general treatment strategies.

Summary:

• This review focuses on systemic mycoses, detailing their increasing prevalence, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
• It explores the underlying pathogenetic and immunologic mechanisms of common fungal pathogens like Candida, Aspergillus, Cryptococci, and Mucorales.
• The paper covers clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic considerations for these severe infections.

Impact:

• Provides a comprehensive overview of systemic mycoses for clinicians and researchers.
• Highlights the importance of understanding fungal pathogenesis and host immunity in managing these infections.
• Offers insights into diagnosis and treatment, crucial for improving patient outcomes in immunocompromised populations.