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Herpes simplex virus ocular infections.

S Y Lee1

  • 1Instructor of Cornea Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Drugs of Today (Barcelona, Spain : 1998)
|April 20, 2004
PubMed
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Herpes simplex virus (HSV) ocular infections cause significant corneal blindness. New antiviral and anti-inflammatory treatments offer improved management and reduced host toxicity for these challenging eye infections.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Herpes simplex ocular infection is a primary cause of infectious corneal blindness in the US.
  • Current topical treatments like trifluridine and vidarabine face challenges with emerging resistance and host toxicity.
  • Ophthalmologists frequently encounter difficulties in managing these complex eye infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and emerging therapeutic strategies for herpes simplex virus (HSV) ocular infections.
  • To discuss the efficacy of antiviral agents and anti-inflammatory treatments in managing ocular HSV.
  • To highlight advancements in treating both infectious and inflammatory aspects of HSV eye disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on HSV ocular infections and their management.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of the clinical efficacy of antiviral drugs, including topical and oral acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir.
  • Evaluation of the role of corticosteroids in managing HSV-induced inflammation and its sequelae.

    • Main Results:

    • Oral acyclovir demonstrates effectiveness in prophylaxis for stromal keratitis and post-keratoplasty, and as a treatment for epithelial infections when topical therapy is challenging.
    • Valacyclovir and famciclovir may offer comparable efficacy to acyclovir at lower doses.
    • Appropriate use of potent steroids can minimize scarring and vascularization during HSV infection phases.

    Conclusions:

    • Acyclovir and its derivatives represent valuable alternatives for managing ocular HSV infections, particularly in chronic or difficult-to-treat cases.
    • Integrated management strategies combining antivirals and corticosteroids are crucial for optimizing outcomes and preventing vision loss.
    • Ongoing research into newer agents aims to provide more targeted therapies for both the viral and inflammatory components of HSV ocular disease.