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Intraguild predation and interference competition on the endangered dragonfly Aeshna viridis.

Erna Suutari1, Markus J Rantala, Jukka Salmela

  • 1Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland. ermasuut@bytl.jyu.fi

Oecologia
|April 21, 2004
PubMed
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Intraguild predation and interference competition negatively impact endangered Aeshna viridis dragonfly larvae. These interactions, especially with Aeshna grandis, restrict their microhabitat use in Stratiotes aloides plants.

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Entomology

Background:

  • The endangered dragonfly Aeshna viridis faces population decline in Europe due to habitat loss, specifically the reduction of Stratiotes aloides.
  • Stratiotes aloides provides essential oviposition sites and protection from fish predation for A. viridis larvae.
  • A. viridis larvae coexist with larvae of Aeshna grandis and Aeshna juncea in European lakes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of intraguild predation (IGP) and interference competition on A. viridis larvae.
  • To assess the susceptibility of A. viridis larvae to predation by similar-sized A. grandis and A. juncea larvae.
  • To determine how interference competition influences the spatial distribution of A. viridis within Stratiotes aloides rosettes.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Laboratory predation experiments were conducted to test IGP susceptibility.
  • Microhabitat use of A. viridis and A. grandis larvae was studied in controlled laboratory settings.
  • The spatial distribution of A. viridis within Stratiotes aloides rosettes was observed under varying competitive conditions.

Main Results:

  • A. viridis larvae are vulnerable to intraguild predation by similar-sized A. grandis and A. juncea larvae under laboratory conditions.
  • Interference competition with A. grandis larvae led to A. viridis larvae being restricted to the inner parts of Stratiotes aloides rosettes.
  • In the absence of A. grandis, A. viridis larvae utilized the middle and outer portions of the rosettes, indicating altered microhabitat use due to competition.

Conclusions:

  • Asymmetric intraguild predation among similarly sized odonate larvae can be intense.
  • Both intraguild predation and interference competition significantly affect A. viridis larvae.
  • While habitat complexity may mitigate these effects in nature, these interactions can still influence the distribution and microhabitat selection of A. viridis in Stratiotes aloides habitats.