Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 9, 2026

12:11
Capture Compound Mass Spectrometry - A Powerful Tool to Identify Novel c-di-GMP Effector Proteins
Published on: March 29, 2015
Total synthesis of (+/-)-perophoramidine
James R Fuchs1, Raymond L Funk
1Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, 16802 USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 22, 2004
Summary
Researchers achieved the first total synthesis of racemic perophoramidine. A key step involved stereoselective carbon-carbon bond formation to create vicinal quaternary centers, advancing synthetic organic chemistry.
Area of Science:
- Organic Chemistry
- Synthetic Chemistry
Background:
- Perophoramidine is a complex natural product.
- Efficient synthetic routes are crucial for accessing such molecules.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the first total synthesis of racemic perophoramidine.
- To develop a novel method for constructing vicinal quaternary centers.
Main Methods:
- Base-promoted carbon-carbon bond formation.
- Stereoselective synthesis.
- Utilizing a 3-alkylindole and a 3-bromo-3-alkylindolin-2-one intermediate.
Main Results:
- Successful total synthesis of racemic perophoramidine.
- Highly stereoselective introduction of vicinal quaternary centers.
- Elucidation of a plausible reaction mechanism involving conjugate addition or Diels-Alder cycloaddition.
Conclusions:
- The described method provides a new pathway for synthesizing perophoramidine analogs.
- The key C-C bond formation is a versatile strategy for creating complex molecular architectures.
Related Concept Videos
Arithmetic Mean
The arithmetic mean is the most commonly used measure of the central tendency of a data set. It is defined as the sum of all the elements constituting the data set, divided by the total number of elements. It is sometimes loosely referred to as the “average.”
When all the values in a data set are not unique, the sum in the numerator can be calculated by multiplying each distinct value by its frequency.
Sometimes, the arithmetic mean of a sample can be affected by a few data points that are...
When all the values in a data set are not unique, the sum in the numerator can be calculated by multiplying each distinct value by its frequency.
Sometimes, the arithmetic mean of a sample can be affected by a few data points that are...
Definite Integral
Consider a real-valued function defined on a closed interval. One of the fundamental objectives in calculus is to determine the area under the graph of such a function. When an exact computation is not readily available, this area can be estimated by dividing the interval into a finite number of equal subintervals. Each subinterval corresponds to a rectangle whose width is the length of the subinterval and whose height is determined by the value of the function at a selected point within that...
Sums of Power
In definite integration, Riemann sums approximate the area under a curve by dividing it into subintervals and summing the areas of rectangles. When these approximations follow predictable numerical patterns, such as arithmetic or polynomial sequences, sum formulas offer a more efficient and accurate way to compute the result. In particular, the sum of consecutive integers, squares, and cubes plays an essential role in simplifying these calculations, especially when dealing with uniform...
Complex Numbers
The real number system cannot represent the square root of a negative number, which restricts solutions for certain equations, such as quadratics with negative discriminants. To address this, the complex number system was developed, introducing the imaginary unit i, where i = √(-1). This extension allows for the representation of all roots, including those involving negative radicands.A complex number is written in the form x + yi, where x and y are real numbers. Here, x represents the real...
Combining Functions
Functions can be combined to form new mathematical models that describe interactions between variables. These combinations are fundamental in understanding relationships between changing quantities and are commonly encountered in scientific and engineering contexts. The combination methods—addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and composition—each have unique implications for the resulting function’s domain and behavior.When combining functions through arithmetic operations, such...
The Midpoint Formula
In coordinate geometry, determining the central point between two locations is common. This central point, or midpoint, lies exactly halfway along the line segment connecting two points in a two-dimensional space. It has applications in mathematics, physics, engineering, and various planning disciplines.Given two points labeled as A (x1, y1) and B (x2, y2) on a coordinate plane, a straight line segment can be plotted between them. The midpoint, labeled point M, divides this segment into two...

