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Amperometric enzyme sensor for glucose based on graphite paste-modified electrodes.

P C Pandey1, A M Kayastha, V Pandey

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
|May 1, 1992
PubMed
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A novel amperometric glucose sensor using glucose oxidase (GOD) in tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ)-modified graphite paste offers enhanced stability and a wide linear response range. This improved sensor shows potential for accurate glucose monitoring in plasma samples.

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Biosensors
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Development of sensitive and stable glucose sensors is crucial for diabetes management.
  • Previous tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ)-based glucose sensors faced limitations in enzyme stability and response range.
  • Graphite paste offers a versatile matrix for electrode modification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly active and stable amperometric enzyme electrode for glucose detection.
  • To characterize the performance of the novel glucose sensor in terms of linearity, response time, and detection limit.
  • To evaluate the sensor's applicability in real biological samples, such as plasma.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of glucose oxidase (GOD) enzyme into a graphite paste matrix modified with tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ).

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  • Fabrication of an amperometric enzyme electrode.
  • Electrochemical characterization of the sensor's response to varying glucose concentrations.
  • Stability testing over an extended period (35 days).
  • Application testing using plasma samples.

    • Main Results:

    • The TCNQ-modified graphite paste electrode demonstrated high glucose oxidase activity and superior long-term stability compared to previous designs.
    • The sensor exhibited a linear response to glucose across a broad concentration range.
    • A fast response time (15-50 seconds) and a low detection limit (0.5 mM) were achieved.
    • Stable sensor performance was maintained for 35 days.
    • Successful application of the sensor in plasma analysis was demonstrated.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed amperometric enzyme electrode, utilizing glucose oxidase immobilized in TCNQ-modified graphite paste, represents a significant advancement in glucose sensing technology.
    • The sensor offers excellent stability, a wide linear range, and rapid response, making it suitable for practical glucose monitoring.
    • The successful application in plasma analysis highlights its potential for clinical diagnostics and biomedical research.