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Measles hospitalizations, United States, 1985-2002

Brent Lee1, Michelle Ying, Mark J Papania

  • 1Epidemiology Program Office, and National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|April 24, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Hospitalizations for measles, a marker of severe disease, significantly declined in the US after 1992. Data from the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS) and other hospital databases confirm this downward trend in measles cases requiring hospitalization.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health Surveillance
  • Infectious Disease Trends

Background:

  • Measles hospitalizations serve as a key indicator for severe measles cases in the United States.
  • The National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS) is the primary system for monitoring measles hospitalizations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze measles hospitalizations reported to the NNDSS from 1985 to 2002.
  • To estimate total measles hospitalizations using independent datasets: the National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS) and the Health Care Investment Analysts (HCIA) database.
  • To compare hospitalization trends across these data sources.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of measles hospitalization data from NNDSS (1985-2002).
  • Comparison with hospital discharge data from NHDS (1985-1999) and HCIA (1985-1996).
  • Trend analysis of annual measles hospitalizations.

Main Results:

  • A total of 13,621 measles hospitalizations were reported to the NNDSS between 1985 and 2002.
  • NNDSS data showed a sharp decline in annual measles hospitalizations after 1992, falling to 45 or fewer cases annually.
  • Estimates from NHDS (28,047) and HCIA (19,352) for 1985-1996 corroborated the declining trend observed in NNDSS data.
  • The lowest number of measles hospitalizations ever reported to the NNDSS occurred after the 1989-1991 measles resurgence.

Conclusions:

  • Reported measles hospitalizations have significantly decreased since the 1989-1991 resurgence.
  • Independent hospital discharge data support the observed decline in measles hospitalizations.
  • These findings indicate a substantial reduction in clinically severe measles cases requiring hospitalization in the US.

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