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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

Endothelial dysfunction and increased carotid intima-media thickness in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic

Orhan Kocaman1, Huseyin Oflaz, Ensar Yekeler

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul School of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.

American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation
|April 28, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) patients exhibit endothelial dysfunction and increased intima-media thickness, regardless of hypertension. These findings indicate a higher risk for atherosclerosis in ADPKD individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) patients.
  • Endothelial dysfunction (ED) and increased intima-media thickness (IMT) are established predictors of atherosclerosis.
  • This study investigates ED and IMT in ADPKD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess endothelial function and intima-media thickness in patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD).
  • To compare these vascular parameters between hypertensive and normotensive ADPKD patients, essential hypertensive patients, and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Vascular ultrasound was used to evaluate brachial artery endothelial function (endothelial-dependent dilatation) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT).
  • Endothelial function was assessed via reactive hyperemia and response to sublingual isosorbide dinitrate.
  • The study included hypertensive ADPKD, normotensive ADPKD, essential hypertensive, and healthy subjects.

Main Results:

  • Endothelial-dependent dilatation was significantly impaired in both hypertensive and normotensive ADPKD patients compared to controls.
  • Carotid IMT was significantly increased in both hypertensive and normotensive ADPKD patients compared to healthy subjects.
  • Hypertensive ADPKD patients showed worse endothelial-dependent dilatation than essential hypertensive patients.

Conclusions:

  • Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease patients, irrespective of hypertension status, exhibit significant endothelial dysfunction.
  • Increased intima-media thickness is also a characteristic finding in both hypertensive and normotensive ADPKD patients.
  • These vascular abnormalities suggest an elevated atherosclerosis risk in the ADPKD population.
Abstract

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