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Related Experiment Videos

Hand and wrist injuries: Part I. Nonemergent evaluation.

James M Daniels1, Elvin G Zook, James M Lynch

  • 1Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellowship, Quincy Family Practice Center, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 62301, USA. jdaniels@siumed.edu

American Family Physician
|May 1, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Accurate diagnosis of hand and wrist injuries requires understanding anatomy and biomechanics. Common injuries include scaphoid fractures and carpal instability, necessitating systematic examination for proper treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Anatomy
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Upper extremity injuries require anatomical and biomechanical knowledge for diagnosis.
  • The wrist comprises two carpal bone rows, with tendons and nerves enabling hand function.
  • Innervation is provided by the ulnar, median, and radial nerves.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic approach for upper extremity injuries, focusing on the hand and wrist.
  • To highlight common wrist pathologies, including fractures and ligamentous instability.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic primary and secondary examination of the hand and wrist.
  • Assessment of active and passive range of motion.
  • Dynamic stability testing of the wrist and digits.

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Main Results:

  • The scaphoid bone is the most frequently fractured bone in the wrist.
  • The most common ligamentous instability involves the scaphoid and lunate bones.
  • Knowledge of anatomy and biomechanics is crucial for accurate diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • A systematic examination, including range of motion and stability testing, is essential for diagnosing hand and wrist injuries.
  • Understanding common injuries like scaphoid fractures and carpal instability aids in effective patient management.