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Fumigant combinations for Cyperus esculentum L control
Chad M Hutchinson1, Milton E McGiffen, James J Sims
1Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida/IFAS, Gainesville, FL 32611-0690, USA. cmhutch@ufl.edu
Pest Management Science
|May 4, 2004
Summary
Propargyl bromide and metam-sodium show high efficacy in controlling yellow nutsedge tubers. Combinations with chloropicrin enhance fumigant potency, offering effective alternatives to methyl bromide for weed management.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Environmental Science
- Plant Science
Background:
- Methyl bromide phase-out necessitates alternative soil fumigants for effective weed control.
- Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) poses a significant challenge in agriculture.
- Research is crucial to identify potent and synergistic fumigant combinations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of various soil fumigants against yellow nutsedge tubers.
- To determine the synergistic effects of combining fumigants with chloropicrin.
- To identify effective alternatives to methyl bromide for weed management.
Main Methods:
- Laboratory experiments were conducted to assess fumigant efficacy.
- Efficacy was measured by EC50 values against Cyperus esculentus tubers.
- Fumigants tested included methyl bromide, methyl iodide, propargyl bromide, 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D), and metam-sodium, alone and with chloropicrin.
Main Results:
- Propargyl bromide (EC50 = 3.7 microM) and metam-sodium (EC50 = 6.5 microM) were the most effective fumigants.
- Methyl iodide and chloropicrin were significantly more potent than methyl bromide.
- Combinations with chloropicrin demonstrated synergistic interactions, enhancing potency.
Conclusions:
- Propargyl bromide and metam-sodium are promising alternatives to methyl bromide.
- Chloropicrin enhances the efficacy of other fumigants against yellow nutsedge.
- Optimized fumigant combinations offer improved weed control strategies.