Matrix metalloproteinases and vascular endothelium-mononuclear cell close encounters

Interactions between circulating mononuclear cells and vascular endothelium are key events in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells or to components of the endothelial basement membrane can trigger the synthesis and secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), enzymes capable of degrading extracellular matrix. Secretion of MMPs is likely to facilitate leukocyte transmigration into the vascular wall, but may serve other functions as well, which could include providing negative feedback regulation of the inflammatory response.