Squamous cell cancer of the buccal mucosa in young adults

Squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa is predominantly a cancer of elderly people and is seen rarely in young adults. Although many aetiological factors have been postulated, tobacco alone has been implicated as the main factor in the aetiology of such cancers at any age.

A retrospective analysis of 46 patients with cancer of the buccal mucosa who were under the age of 35 years at the time of presentation was made to evaluate their survival and predictors of survival. The details were extracted from the computerised records and case records of the Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India. These were analysed with particular emphasis on risk factors, clinical extent, and treatment. Survival was analysed by the Kaplan-Meier method, and differences in survival were compared using the log-rank test.

The male:female ratio was 6.7:1. Almost all the patients (n = 42, 91%) used either tobacco or alcohol, with tobacco chewing being the most common. The 3 and 5 years disease-free survival were 72 and 61%, respectively. Non-smokers and patients with an advanced T stage at presentation had significantly worse prognoses.