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An update on the asthma-rhinitis link.

Giovanni Passalacqua1, Giorgio Ciprandi, Mercedes Pasquali

  • 1Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Genoa University, Italy. passalacqua@unige.it

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|May 6, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Recent studies confirm a bidirectional link between asthma and rhinitis in allergic diseases. This understanding of the united airways supports new integrated therapeutic strategies for respiratory allergies.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • The relationship between asthma and rhinitis is a key aspect of allergic diseases.
  • Understanding the immune response in different airway compartments is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review experimental results on the asthma-rhinitis link in allergic diseases published since January 2002.
  • To synthesize current knowledge on the bidirectional communication between the upper and lower airways.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of experimental studies.
  • Analysis of data from nasal and bronchial allergen challenges.
  • Evaluation of research on the role of paranasal sinus infections in respiratory allergy.

Main Results:

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  • Experimental data confirm a bidirectional link and systemic cross-talk between the nose and bronchi.
  • The pathogenic role of paranasal sinus infections in respiratory allergy is better understood, revealing a T helper type 2 polarization.
  • Therapeutic interventions can revert T helper type 2 polarization in sinusitis.

Conclusions:

  • New findings reinforce the current understanding of respiratory allergy pathogenesis.
  • The confirmed asthma-rhinitis link has significant therapeutic implications.
  • The results encourage the development of novel, integrated treatment strategies for respiratory allergies.