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Extraoral appliances: A twenty-first century update
1Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn, USA. ortho.braun@juno.com
Summary
This study details extraoral appliance designs, integrating new knowledge of force systems. Clinicians can enhance appliance efficiency for improved dentomaxillary complex growth control.
Area of Science:
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
- Biomechanical Engineering in Dentistry
Background:
- Recent definition of centers of resistance for the dentomaxillary complex.
- Understanding of the interplay between extraoral and intraoral force systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the basic designs of extraoral appliances in depth.
- To provide clinicians with information to improve appliance efficiency.
- To enhance dentomaxillary complex growth control.
Main Methods:
- In-depth discussion of extraoral appliance designs.
- Integration of knowledge regarding extraoral and intraoral force systems.
- Analysis of appliance-induced intraoral force systems.
Main Results:
- Improved understanding of extraoral appliance design principles.
- Guidance for clinicians on optimizing appliance efficiency.
- Potential for enhanced dentomaxillary complex growth control.
Conclusions:
- Clinicians can improve extraoral appliance efficiency with this knowledge.
- Better control over dentomaxillary complex growth is achievable.
- Ability to negate or enhance appliance-induced intraoral force systems.