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Low dose gamma-rays activate immune functions via induction of glutathione and delay tumor growth
Shuji Kojima1, Keiko Nakayama, Hirokazu Ishida
1Department of Radiation Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan. kjma@rs.noda.tus.ac.jp
Abstract:
We examined whether the increase of glutathione level induced by low dose gamma-ray irradiation is involved in the appearance of enhanced natural killer (NK) activity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), leading to delayed tumor growth in Ehrlich solid tumor-bearing mice. NK activity in ICR mouse splenocytes significantly increased from 4 h to 6 h after whole-body gamma-ray irradiation at 0.5 Gy, and thereafter decreased almost to the zero-time level by 24 h post-irradiation. ADCC also increased significantly in a similar way. Reduced glutathione exogenously added to splenocytes obtained from normal mice enhanced both NK activity and ADCC in a dose-dependent manner. Since immune functions were enhanced through the induction of cellular glutathione after low-dose irradiation, the inhibitory effect of the radiation on tumor growth was then examined in Ehrlich solid tumor-bearing mice. Tumor growth after inoculation was significantly delayed by the radiation. These results suggest that low-dose gamma-rays activate immune functions via an induction of glutathione, leading to a delay of tumor growth.
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