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Oxidative stress and cell signalling
G Poli1, G Leonarduzzi, F Biasi
1Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, S. Luigi Hospital, 10043 Orbassano (Torino), Italy. giuseppe.poli@unito.it
Current Medicinal Chemistry
|May 12, 2004
Summary
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidized lipids are crucial signaling molecules in cell pathophysiology. This review details their roles in modulating cellular pathways and gene expression during disease.
Area of Science:
- Cellular Biology
- Biochemistry
- Pathophysiology
Background:
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are increasingly implicated in cellular signaling pathways.
- ROS modulate kinases, phosphatases, transcription factors, and gene expression in pathophysiological states.
- ROS signaling involves bioactive molecules derived from cell membrane lipid oxidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the recent knowledge on the role of ROS and oxidized lipids in signal transduction.
- To explore their involvement in major cellular and tissue pathophysiological events.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of studies involving animal models, human specimens, and cell lines.
- Analysis of research on ROS and oxidized lipid signaling mechanisms.
- Focus on lipid oxidation products with potential signaling roles.
Main Results:
- ROS, at pathophysiologically relevant concentrations, significantly impact cellular signaling.
- Oxidized lipids, including those from cholesterol, fatty acids, and phospholipids, act as signaling molecules.
- Specific oxidized lipids like isoprostanes, lysophospholipids, and ceramides are key players.
Conclusions:
- ROS and their lipid oxidation products are integral to signal transduction in pathophysiology.
- Understanding these pathways is vital for comprehending cell and tissue disease processes.
- Further research into these signaling molecules could reveal therapeutic targets.