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Related Experiment Videos

Vision defects in albinism.

J Pérez-Carpinell1, P Capilla, C Illueca

  • 1Departament Interuniversitari D'Optica, Facultat de Física, Burjassot, Spain.

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
|August 1, 1992
PubMed
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Color vision anomalies are common in ocular albinism, with many individuals exhibiting protanomaly or deuteranomaly. Most patients also experience photophobia, nystagmus, and reduced visual acuity, impacting contrast sensitivity.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Genetics
  • Visual Neuroscience

Background:

  • Ocular albinism is a genetic disorder characterized by hypopigmentation of the iris and retina.
  • Associated visual impairments often include nystagmus, strabismus, photophobia, and reduced visual acuity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and types of color vision anomalies in individuals with ocular albinism.
  • To correlate color vision deficits with other common ocular findings in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Ishihara plates, 28-hue Roth test, and Davico anomaloscope were used to assess color vision.
  • Fundus examination and visual acuity measurements were performed.
  • Contrast sensitivity function (CSF) was evaluated.

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Main Results:

  • Four of nine individuals showed no expected albino-related anomalies.
  • Two individuals presented with deuteranomaly in both eyes.
  • Three individuals exhibited protanomaly, with varying degrees of unilateral or bilateral presentation.
  • Significant photophobia, nystagmus, strabismus, refractive errors, and poor visual acuity (<6/30) were prevalent.
  • Contrast sensitivity was severely impaired, with inability to perceive 12 cpd.

Conclusions:

  • Color vision anomalies, particularly protanomaly and deuteranomaly, are frequent in ocular albinism.
  • These anomalies coexist with other significant visual impairments, contributing to reduced overall visual function.
  • Impaired contrast sensitivity is a notable characteristic, affecting high-frequency perception.