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Related Experiment Videos

Development of stepping patterns in human infants: a dynamical systems perspective.

B D Ulrich1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.

Journal of Motor Behavior
|December 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Human upright locomotion, or walking, is a key developmental milestone. This study suggests viewing motor development through nonlinear dynamical systems theory offers better insights into the emergence of coordinated stepping patterns.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Motor Control
  • Dynamical Systems Theory

Background:

  • Upright locomotion is a primary human motor behavior of significant interest to developmentalists.
  • Traditional approaches focused on precursor behaviors and nervous system maturation.
  • A shift towards theoretical perspectives like nonlinear and complex dynamical systems is proposed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore motor development, specifically upright locomotion, using nonlinear and complex dynamical systems theory.
  • To examine the emergence and variability of coordinated stepping patterns in infants.
  • To investigate the underlying muscle and force modulations influencing motor control.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence and theoretical frameworks.

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  • Focus on the availability and characteristics of infant stepping patterns.
  • Discussion of factors influencing movement variability and coordination.
  • Proposal to study muscle and force modulations for insight into pattern control.

    • Main Results:

    • Coordinated and alternating stepping patterns are available throughout the first year of life.
    • Various factors influence the expression and variability of these movement patterns.
    • Understanding pattern control and coordination requires examining underlying biomechanical forces.

    Conclusions:

    • Nonlinear and complex dynamical systems theory provides a valuable framework for understanding motor development.
    • Infant stepping patterns offer a window into the development of coordinated movement.
    • Further research into muscle activity and forces is crucial for elucidating motor control mechanisms.