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Anticancer and immunostimulatory compounds from Andrographis paniculata.

R Ajaya Kumar1, K Sridevi, N Vijaya Kumar

  • 1Discovery Research, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories, Miyapur, Hyderabad 500050, India.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology
|May 13, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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The methanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata exhibits anticancer and immunomodulatory effects. Its dichloromethane fraction and isolated diterpenes, including andrographolide, show significant anticancer activity and enhance immune cell proliferation and IL-2 induction.

Area of Science:

  • Phytochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Andrographis paniculata is a medicinal herb used in traditional Asian medicine.
  • Its extracts are known for various therapeutic properties.
  • The anticancer and immunomodulatory potential requires further scientific validation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the anticancer and immunomodulatory activities of Andrographis paniculata methanolic extract.
  • To identify active fractions and compounds responsible for these effects.
  • To assess the impact on human cancer and immune cells.

Main Methods:

  • Methanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata was prepared and fractionated.
  • Fractions were screened for bioactivity against human cancer cells (HT-29) and human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBLs).

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  • Active fractions were further analyzed to isolate specific compounds, including diterpenes.

    • Main Results:

    • The dichloromethane fraction demonstrated significant inhibition of colon cancer cell proliferation.
    • This fraction also augmented HPBL proliferation at low concentrations.
    • Three diterpene compounds, andrographolide, 14-deoxyandrographolide, and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide, were isolated.
    • Andrographolide exhibited anticancer activity against various cancer cell lines.
    • All three isolated compounds enhanced HPBL proliferation and induced interleukin-2 (IL-2).

    Conclusions:

    • The dichloromethane fraction of Andrographis paniculata contains compounds with potent anticancer and immunostimulatory properties.
    • Andrographolide and related diterpenes are key active molecules.
    • These findings support the traditional use of Andrographis paniculata and suggest its therapeutic potential in cancer and immune modulation.