The influence of physical stent parameters upon restenosis

In this paper we examine whether the structure, geometry and dimensions of coronary stents influence the occurrence of restenosis. Whilst many consider these parameters to be less important since the advent of drug-eluting stents, this view reveals a poor appreciation of the technological development of stents over the last 18 years. Early 'slotted tube' stents were completely inflexible and posed major problems for delivery; and early 'coil' stents had poor radial strength, allowing considerable tissue prolapse. Nowadays, we are used to greatly improved physical stent parameters, which provide better deliverability, visibility, procedural success and scaffolding performance. Many of these physical parameters also impact upon restenosis, even in the current era of drug-eluting stent. In this paper we examine the contribution of mode of expansion (self vs. balloon-expandable), design (coil vs. tube), length and width to restenosis. We also consider the more subtle influence of advanced slotted tube vs. modular design, percent metal coverage, strut thickness, strut shape, surface smoothness and alloy composition.