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The evaluation and management of velopharyngeal dysfunction.

Jeffrey L Marsh1

  • 1Cleft Lip/Palate and Craniofacial, St. John's Mercy Health Center, St. Louis, MO 63141, USA. jmarsh@kidsplasticsurgery.com

Summary

Effective management of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD) relies on differential diagnosis and targeted interventions. The primary challenge is treating VPD symptoms without causing equally or more severe adverse effects.

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