[Internal iliac artery: functional anastomosis value and pelvic surgery application]

Area of Science:

• Anatomy
• Vascular Biology
• Medical Imaging

Context:

• The pelvic region is a complex anatomical area with critical vascular structures.
• Previous studies have not comprehensively detailed the vascularization across all age groups (neonates to adults).
• Understanding pelvic vascular anatomy is vital for surgical planning and managing vascular-related pathologies.

Purpose:

• To investigate and describe the vascularization patterns of intra- and extra-pelvic organs in males and females across different age groups.
• To analyze the arterial anastomotic networks within the pelvic region.
• To elucidate the relationship between vascular supply and organ vitality.

Summary:

• Seventeen human pelvises were analyzed using colored Altufix and gelatinous india ink to map arterial systems.
• The study identified two distinct, anastomotic arterial networks: one originating from iliac, femoral, and aortic branches, and another with differing morphology.
• Each organ exhibits a specific vascular pattern, with direct or recurrent supply from adventitia to mucosa, highlighting a dual vascular system.

Impact:

• Provides a detailed anatomical reference for pelvic vascularization across the lifespan.
• Enhances understanding of collateral circulation in the pelvic region, crucial for surgical procedures like iliac artery ligation.
• Contributes to the knowledge base for treating vascular diseases and optimizing organ transplantation in the pelvic area.