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Active trunk extensor contributions to dynamic posteroanterior lumbar spinal stiffness.
Christopher J Colloca1, Tony S Keller
1Department of Kinesiology, Atizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA. DrC100@aol.com
Summary
Low back pain patients showed increased spinal stiffness during trunk extension exercises. This suggests that trunk muscles and posture significantly contribute to spinal stability in individuals with low back pain.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Spinal Physiology
- Musculoskeletal Research
Background:
- Previous studies show increased spinal stiffness during lumbar extensor muscle contraction.
- Limited research exists on this phenomenon in symptomatic individuals, particularly those with low back pain (LBP).
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify changes in dynamic spinal stiffness at rest and during lumbar extension in LBP patients.
- To utilize a validated dynamic mechanical impedance procedure for this assessment.
Main Methods:
- Thirteen LBP patients underwent dynamic spinal stiffness testing.
- A handheld impulsive mechanical device measured stiffness during rest and lumbar extensor efforts.
- Posteroanterior (PA) manipulative thrusts were applied to the L3 spinous process (SP) and transverse processes (TPs).
Main Results:
- A significant 17.0% increase in PA dynamic spinal stiffness was observed over the SP during trunk extension compared to rest (P=.0004).
- No significant changes in stiffness were detected over the TPs during the same tasks.
Conclusions:
- Trunk musculature plays a crucial role in enhancing spinal stability.
- Spinal posture is significant in maintaining spinal stability, especially in individuals with low back pain.