Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 24, 2026

Ultrasound-guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections: A Method of Treating Sialorrhea
Published on: November 9, 2016
The role of botulinum toxin in neurourology
1Neurourology, Swiss Paraplegic Center, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland. schurchb@balgrist.unizh.ch
Abstract:
Botulinum toxin is a presynaptic neuromuscular blocking agent that induces a selective and reversible muscle weakness of up to several months when injected intramuscularly in minute quantities. Different medical disciplines have applied the toxin to treat mainly muscular hypercontraction. For neurourologically impaired patients, the reported successful treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity and detrusor sphincter dyssynergia with botulinum-A toxin is a promising alternative option to conservative medication or surgery. This review of the literature presents current indications, techniques for and results of the use of botulinum toxin in neurourologically impaired patients and aims to give an insight into this new therapeutic option.
Related Concept Videos
Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin
The binding of dantrolene to the RYR1...
Botulism
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses
Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Mechanism of Action
Competitive antagonists prevent acetylcholine from binding to its receptor, inhibiting membrane depolarization. Without conformational changes or intrinsic...
Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacological Actions
At the neuromuscular junction, these agents work by inhibiting the breakdown of acetylcholine, allowing it to remain bound to the receptor and bind to nearby receptors. This process leads to repetitive firing of the endplate, causing muscle...
Classification of Skeletal Muscle Relaxants
Peripherally acting skeletal muscle relaxants interfere with the neurotransmission at the neuromuscular end plate to induce paralysis during...
