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Related Experiment Videos

Trends in autism.

Joav Merrick1, Isack Kandel, Mohammed Morad

  • 1National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Office of the Medical Director, Division for Mental Retardation, Ministry of Social Affairs, Jerusalem, Israel. jmerrick@aquanet.co.il

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health
|May 20, 2004
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Autism spectrum disorder prevalence has increased significantly since 1985, with studies showing higher rates globally. Changes in diagnostic criteria and definitions may contribute to this observed rise in autism spectrum disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Pediatric Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Autism was first described by Leo Kanner in 1943 and Hans Asperger in 1944.
  • Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD) encompass Autistic disorder, Rett disorder, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, Asperger's disorder, and PDDNOS.
  • Pre-1985 autism prevalence studies reported 4-5 per 10,000 for the broader spectrum and 2 per 10,000 for classic autism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze the reported prevalence rates of autism spectrum disorders.
  • To examine trends in autism prevalence since the mid-1980s.
  • To discuss potential factors contributing to observed changes in prevalence.

Main Methods:

  • Review of published autism prevalence studies from various countries (UK, Sweden, US, Israel).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of historical and recent prevalence data.
  • Analysis of changes in diagnostic criteria and definitions over time.

    • Main Results:

    • Post-1985 studies report significantly higher prevalence rates globally.
    • UK: 16.8/10,000 for autistic disorder, 62.6/10,000 for the spectrum.
    • Sweden: 71/10,000 total for Asperger's and social impairment; US: 40/10,000 for autistic disorder, 67/10,000 for the spectrum.

    Conclusions:

    • Evidence indicates a notable increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders.
    • Changes in diagnostic criteria and definitions are acknowledged as potential contributing factors.
    • While multiple factors are involved, the rise in autism prevalence is evident.