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Related Experiment Videos

Intergroup distinctiveness and differentiation: a meta-analytic integration.

Jolanda Jetten1, Russell Spears, Tom Postmes

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom. j.jetten@exeter.ac.uk

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|May 20, 2004
PubMed
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Intergroup distinctiveness perceptions influence differentiation, but the relationship varies. High group identification leads to reactive distinctiveness, while low identification results in reflective distinctiveness.

Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Social Identity Theory

Background:

  • Social identity theory posits that intergroup differentiation is influenced by perceptions of intergroup distinctiveness.
  • The reactive distinctiveness hypothesis suggests that low intergroup distinctiveness drives differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To meta-analytically examine the relationship between intergroup distinctiveness and intergroup differentiation.
  • To test the reactive distinctiveness hypothesis for behavioral and judgmental differentiation.
  • To investigate the moderating roles of group identification, dimension relevance, outgroup relevance, and intergroup relations.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis of 60 studies was conducted.
  • The study analyzed the effects of distinctiveness on behavioral and judgmental differentiation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Moderating variables, including group identification, were examined.

    • Main Results:

    • The overall effect of distinctiveness on differentiation was not statistically significant.
    • Reactive distinctiveness was observed in behavioral differentiation, while reflective distinctiveness appeared in judgmental differentiation.
    • Group identification emerged as a significant moderator.

    Conclusions:

    • High group identifiers exhibited reactive distinctiveness, whereas low identifiers displayed reflective distinctiveness.
    • The findings partially support social identity theory, highlighting the nuanced interplay between distinctiveness, identification, and differentiation.