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Research in primary dental care. Part 2: Developing a research question
J T Newton1, E J Bower, A C Williams
1Department of Dental Public Health & Oral Health Services Research, GKT Dental Institute, Caldecot Road, London SE5 9RW, UK. Tim.Newton@kcl.ac.uk
British Dental Journal
|May 22, 2004
Summary
This guide explains how to formulate effective research questions. It details three types of research questions—descriptive, relationship, and comparative—and outlines methods for information gathering and evaluation to ensure research quality.
Area of Science:
- Research Methodology
- Scientific Inquiry
Background:
- Formulating a clear research question is the foundational step in any scientific endeavor.
- Effective research questions guide the entire research process, from design to analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and define distinct types of research questions.
- To describe the process of developing a research question, including information retrieval and quality assessment.
- To provide examples and resources for researchers.
Main Methods:
- Classification of research questions into three types: descriptive, relationship, and comparative.
- Explanation of the process for devising research questions.
- Guidance on searching and evaluating information sources.
Main Results:
- Identification of three primary categories of research questions: descriptive (who, what, where, when), relationship (how things are connected), and comparative (cause and effect).
- A structured approach to formulating research questions is presented.
- Emphasis on critical evaluation of information sources.
Conclusions:
- A well-defined research question is crucial for successful research planning and execution.
- Understanding different question types aids in focused inquiry.
- Effective information sourcing and evaluation are integral to robust research.