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An optimization study of solid-state fermentation: xanthophylls extraction from marigold flowers.
Navarrete-Bolaños José Luis1, Jiménez-Islas Hugo, Botello-Alvarez Enrique
1Departamento de Ingeniería Química-Bioquímica, Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Ave. Tecnológico s/n, CP 38010, Celaya, Gto, Mexico. jlnb@itc.mx.
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
|May 25, 2004
Summary
Solid-state fermentation using a mixed microbial culture significantly increased xanthophyll yield from marigold flowers by 65%. This optimized ensilage process enhances xanthophyll production for food and pharmaceutical applications.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Biotechnology
- Food Science
Background:
- Marigold flowers are a primary natural source of xanthophylls.
- Marigold saponified extract is utilized in food and pharmaceutical industries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate solid-state fermentation (ensilage) for enhanced xanthophyll extraction from marigold flowers.
- To optimize fermentation parameters for maximum xanthophyll yield.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a mixed culture of Flavobacterium IIb, Acinetobacter anitratus, and Rhizopus nigricans for ensilage.
- Employed experimental design strategies to optimize aeration, moisture, agitation, and inoculum ratio.
- Analyzed xanthophyll yield using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).
Main Results:
- Achieved a xanthophyll yield of 17.8 g/kg dry weight, a 65% increase over the control.
- HPLC analysis confirmed the conservation of the extracted oleoresin.
- Identified key interactions related to heat and mass transfer within the bioreactor.
Conclusions:
- Solid-state fermentation is an effective method for increasing xanthophyll yield from marigold flowers.
- Optimized conditions prevent limitations in microbial growth and metabolic activity.
- The process offers a viable route for enhanced production of xanthophylls for industrial applications.