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Female infertility and the thyroid.

Kris Poppe1, Brigitte Velkeniers

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Academisch Ziekenhuis, Free University of Brussels (VUB), Laarbeeklaan, 101, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium. kris.poppe@az.vub.ac.be

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
|May 26, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity negatively impact fertility and conception. This review explores their adverse effects on subfertility and suggests testing and treatment strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Subfertility presents a significant psychological challenge for couples.
  • Assisted reproductive technology (ART) has improved outcomes and understanding of reproductive failure.
  • Thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity are implicated in conception difficulties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the adverse effects of thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity on subfertility.
  • To update current knowledge on the link between thyroid health and conception.
  • To propose a rationale for diagnostic testing and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on thyroid dysfunction, autoimmunity, and fertility.
  • Analysis of immunological factors in conception failure.
  • Synthesis of information on ART outcomes and spontaneous pregnancy rates.

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Main Results:

  • Thyroid dysfunction is linked to adverse fertility outcomes.
  • Thyroid autoimmunity plays a role in conception failure.
  • ART has advanced the understanding and treatment of reproductive issues.

Conclusions:

  • Thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity require consideration in subfertility evaluations.
  • Further research into testing and treatment is warranted.
  • Optimizing thyroid health may improve fertility and pregnancy rates.