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Acute basophilic leukemia: case report.

Ritu Gupta1, Paresh Jain, Mona Anand

  • 1Unit of Laboratory Oncology, Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. ritu@desmat.com

American Journal of Hematology
|May 28, 2004
PubMed
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Acute basophilic leukemia, a rare condition, presents diagnostic challenges due to inconsistent criteria. This case highlights its evolution from AML-M2 with basophilia, emphasizing clonal proliferation.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Basophilic leukemia lacks consistent diagnostic criteria, hindering accurate diagnosis and research.
  • The rarity of basophilic leukemia and unavailability of specialized tests contribute to diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

  • An unusual case of acute basophilic leukemia in a child with prior acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment is presented.
  • Morphological and cytochemical analyses revealed basophilic granules and toluidine positivity in blast cells.
  • Immunophenotyping showed a myeloid profile with CD34 and CD25 dual positivity, indicative of basophilic blasts.

Findings:

  • Conventional cytogenetics identified a translocation t(8;21)(q22;q22).
  • The diagnosis of acute basophilic leukemia with t(8;21) was established.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Review of pre-therapy slides indicated AML-M2 with basophilia, suggesting basophilic leukemia evolved from this condition.

    • Implications:

    • This case suggests acute basophilic leukemia can arise from selective clonal proliferation of basophil-committed blasts in AML-M2 with basophilia.
    • Understanding the evolution of basophilic leukemia is crucial for developing targeted diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
    • Further research into the molecular mechanisms underlying basophilic leukemia development is warranted.