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Gut-homing (alpha(4)beta(7)(+)) Th1 memory responses after inactivated poliovirus immunization in poliovirus orally
Carsten Krieg1, Reinhard Maier1, Andreas Meyerhans1
1Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Virology, Building 47, University of the Saarland, Kirrberger Strasse, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
Abstract:
Mucosal infections are prevented by a specialized local immune system. Immune cells of this compartment can also be found in the blood and are characterized by the expression of mucosa-specific homing molecules. Here, the cellular immune responses after inactivated poliovirus immunization (IPV) in poliovirus orally pre-immunized donors were investigated. Subcutaneous IPV induced a transient increase in the proliferative response against poliovirus antigen and in the number of poliovirus-specific CD4(+) T cells in the blood of the vaccinees. These cells were characterized to be of the effector memory type (CD45RA(-)/CD45RO(+)/CCR7(-)/CD27(+)) and expressed the homing molecule alpha(4)beta(7), indicating their origin from the gut. Together these data show the recurrence of gut-derived poliovirus-specific cells upon IPV and evaluate the whole-blood assay as a powerful tool for monitoring the success of a vaccination.
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