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Pulp responses to precise thermal stimuli in dentin-sensitive teeth.

Clifford S Leffingwell1, Trudy A Meinberg, Joshua G Wagner

  • 1Department of Surgical Specialties, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 40th and Holdrege Streets, Lincoln, NE 68583-0757, USA.

Journal of Endodontics
|May 29, 2004
PubMed
Summary

This study investigated if cold stimuli on tooth enamel could differentiate dentin-sensitive from nonsensitive teeth. While most responses were similar, sensitive teeth showed a slightly longer pain duration after cold stimulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental research
  • Pain perception
  • Pulpal physiology

Background:

  • Dentin hypersensitivity presents diagnostic challenges.
  • Accurate methods are needed to distinguish sensitive from nonsensitive teeth based on pulpal responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if controlled cold stimuli on enamel can differentiate dentin-sensitive from nonsensitive human teeth.
  • To analyze pulpal responses including pain threshold, intensity, onset, and duration.

Main Methods:

  • Eighteen subjects underwent cold stimulation (decreasing 5°C intervals and tetrafluoroethane) on enamel and root surfaces.
  • Measurements included pain threshold, intensity, onset time, and duration at multiple time points.
  • Stimulation was applied to both dentin-sensitive and contralateral nonsensitive teeth.

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Main Results:

  • Pulpal responses to enamel stimulation were generally similar between sensitive and nonsensitive teeth.
  • A statistically significant difference was observed in pain duration, with sensitive teeth experiencing longer pain (4.62 ± 0.47 s) versus nonsensitive teeth (2.92 ± 0.49 s) after tetrafluoroethane application (p = 0.016).

Conclusions:

  • Controlled cold stimulation of enamel may not reliably distinguish dentin-sensitive from nonsensitive teeth based on most pain parameters.
  • A prolonged pain duration following cold stimulus on enamel warrants further investigation for potential links to pulpal degeneration or need for dentin protection.