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Morphofunctional modification in elderly individuals practicing competitive endurance sport.

Alessio Sullo1, Guglielmo Brizzi, Pasquale Cardinale

  • 1Operative United of Rehabilitation and Care, Lungodegenza Division, ASL AV1, S. Nicola Baronia, Italy. alessiosullo@virgilio.it

Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove)
|June 1, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Competitive sport training in older men significantly improved body composition and maximal aerobic power (VO2max) over two years. This indicates that older athletes can achieve high physical fitness levels with suitable training.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Aging is often associated with declines in body composition and aerobic capacity.
  • Maintaining physical fitness in older adults is crucial for health and quality of life.
  • The impact of sustained competitive sport on elderly athletes' physiological parameters requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the effects of two consecutive years of competitive sport on body composition and maximal aerobic power (VO2max) in elderly male athletes.
  • To compare changes in physical fitness markers between elderly male endurance athletes and a control group engaged in moderate exercise.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study design over 24 months.
  • Inclusion of 20 elderly male endurance athletes (Group A) and 20 elderly males with moderate exercise habits (Group C).

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  • Regular measurements of body composition, physical activity levels, and maximal aerobic power (VO2max) at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months.

    • Main Results:

    • Group A exhibited a significant decrease in body fat percentage over the two-year study period.
    • Group A demonstrated a significant increase in fat-free mass (FFM) at both 12 and 24 months.
    • Maximal aerobic power (VO2max) was significantly higher in Group A at all measurement points compared to baseline.

    Conclusions:

    • Sustained participation in competitive sport can lead to favorable modifications in body composition among elderly men.
    • Intensive training protocols for competitive sports can significantly enhance and maintain aerobic capacity in older athletes.
    • It is feasible for elderly individuals to attain a high level of physical fitness through appropriate competitive sport training regimens.