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Rheumatoid arthritis and ocular involvement.
Chittaranjan Shaw1, Sujoy Banik, Md Nazarul Islam
1Department of Ophthalmology, Midnapore Medical College & Hospital, Paschim Medinipore 721101.
Journal of the Indian Medical Association
|June 1, 2004
Summary
Rheumatoid arthritis frequently causes ocular issues, most commonly dry eye and secondary Sjogren's syndrome. This study highlights the need for comprehensive eye exams in rheumatoid arthritis patients to detect these visual problems early.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Rheumatology
- Immunology
Background:
- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease.
- Ocular manifestations are common in RA patients.
- Early detection of eye conditions in RA is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and incidence of ocular manifestations in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis.
- To identify specific eye conditions associated with RA.
- To emphasize the importance of ophthalmic evaluations in RA management.
Main Methods:
- A random cross-sectional study was conducted.
- 54 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis were enrolled.
- Comprehensive ocular examinations, including anterior segment evaluation and tear film assessment, were performed.
Main Results:
- Two-thirds of patients presented with visual problems.
- Dry eye was prevalent: 5.55% had marked dry eye, and 37.03% had borderline tear deficiency.
- Episcleritis (3.70%) and marginal keratitis were observed; scleritis and retinopathy were not found.
- Secondary Sjogren's syndrome was the most frequent ocular association.
Conclusions:
- Dry eye and secondary Sjogren's syndrome are the most common ocular manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis.
- Ocular complications significantly impact RA patients' quality of life.
- Regular ophthalmological screening is recommended for all rheumatoid arthritis patients.