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Related Experiment Videos

Thermopower induced by a supercurrent in superconductor-normal-metal structures.

Pauli Virtanen1, Tero T Heikkilä

  • 1Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 2200, FIN-02015 HUT, Finland.

Physical Review Letters
|June 1, 2004
PubMed
Summary

We found that supercurrents can create a measurable thermopower (Q) in mesoscopic normal-metal/superconducting structures, even with electron-hole symmetry. This thermopower is directly linked to equilibrium supercurrents within the system.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Mesoscopic Physics
  • Superconductivity

Background:

  • Thermopower (Q) in mesoscopic systems is crucial for understanding thermoelectric effects.
  • Investigating normal-metal/superconducting interfaces is key to novel electronic devices.
  • Electron-hole symmetry typically leads to vanishing thermopower.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the emergence of finite thermopower (Q) in mesoscopic normal-metal (N) wires connected to superconducting (S) segments.
  • To establish a relationship between thermopower and equilibrium supercurrents.
  • To analyze the conditions under which thermopower arises at N-S interfaces and within N reservoirs.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical examination of thermopower (Q) in a mesoscopic normal-metal wire with superconducting contacts.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of the influence of supercurrents on thermopower, considering electron-hole symmetry.
  • Relating the dominant thermopower component to equilibrium supercurrents.

    • Main Results:

    • A finite thermopower (Q) can arise even in the presence of electron-hole symmetry due to supercurrents.
    • The dominant contribution to thermopower is directly proportional to equilibrium supercurrents.
    • Finite thermopower is observed between normal-metal reservoirs and superconductors, and also between normal-metal reservoirs themselves.
    • Thermopower between normal-metal reservoirs is sensitive to the geometrical symmetry of the structure.

    Conclusions:

    • Supercurrents are a significant factor in generating thermopower in mesoscopic N-S systems.
    • The study provides a theoretical framework for understanding thermoelectric phenomena in hybrid superconducting structures.
    • Geometrical design plays a critical role in tailoring thermopower effects in such systems.