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Related Experiment Videos

A brief depression scale for use in the medically ill.

H G Koenig1, H J Cohen, D G Blazer

  • 1Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.

International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

A new 11-item scale effectively screens for major depressive disorder (MDD) in hospitalized medical patients. This brief tool demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity, aiding clinical diagnosis and research.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) diagnosis in medically ill patients is challenging due to symptom overlap.
  • Existing depression scales may not be suitable for this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a brief, self-rated instrument for detecting MDD in hospitalized medical patients.
  • To create a practical screening tool for both clinical and research settings.

Main Methods:

  • Items from the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and Carroll Depression Scale were administered to 559 male inpatients.
  • An 11-item scale was selected based on regression, correlation, and factor analysis, focusing on DSM-III-R criteria least confounded by medical illness.
  • The scale was validated in 78 medical inpatients.

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Main Results:

  • The 11-item scale identified 83% of MDD cases (sensitivity) and correctly excluded depression in 77% of non-depressed subjects (specificity).
  • Performance was comparable to the 30-item GDS.
  • Strong correlations were found with established depression scales (GDS, Zung, CES-D).

Conclusions:

  • The 11-item scale is a practical and effective tool for screening MDD in medical inpatients.
  • It serves as a valuable instrument for clinicians and researchers.
  • The scale offers a brief yet reliable measure for depression assessment in this population.