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Related Experiment Videos

Is there a connection between genomic changes and wide hybridization?

A V Vershinin1, E A Salina, S K Svitashev

  • 1Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, USSR.

Hereditas
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Highly repetitive DNA sequences in barley (Hordeum vulgare) reveal variations across species, serving as molecular markers. Genomic changes in hybrids suggest rules govern chromosomal rearrangements during species divergence.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics
  • Molecular evolution
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Highly repetitive DNA sequences (HRS) are crucial components of eukaryotic genomes.
  • Understanding HRS organization provides insights into genome evolution and species differentiation.
  • Barley (Hordeum vulgare) possesses a complex genome with abundant repetitive DNA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural organization of specific HRS in barley species and their hybrids.
  • To evaluate the utility of these HRS as molecular markers for barley species identification.
  • To explore genomic rearrangements in interspecific hybrids and their implications for species divergence.

Main Methods:

  • Blot-hybridization techniques were employed to analyze HRS.
  • Genomic DNA from seven Hordeum L. species and Hordeum x Secale hybrids was examined.

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  • Comparative analysis of copy numbers, fragment lengths, and hybridization intensities was performed.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant variation in copy number, fragment length, and intensity of HRS was observed among barley species.
    • These HRS proved effective as molecular markers for distinguishing barley species.
    • Structural rearrangements of HRS were detected in Hordeum x Secale hybrids.
    • Observed genomic changes in hybrids partially mirrored those during natural species divergence, suggesting underlying rules for chromosomal rearrangements.

    Conclusions:

    • The studied set of HRS is valuable for molecular identification of barley species.
    • Chromosomal rearrangements in hybrids may follow predictable patterns, potentially involving cryptic mobile elements under hybridization stress.
    • Further research into the role of mobile elements in genomic restructuring during hybridization is warranted.