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Thermogravimetric analysis as a polymer identification technique in forensic applications
Elihu C Ihms1, Dennis W Brinkman
1Department of Chemistry, Indiana Wesleyan University, 4201 South Washington, Marion, IN 46953, USA.
Journal of Forensic Sciences
|June 3, 2004
Summary
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) effectively identifies various polymer species, even with contaminants. This method is suitable for forensic analysis of small samples, like blast fragments or arson debris.
Area of Science:
- Polymer science
- Analytical chemistry
- Forensic science
Background:
- Accurate polymer identification is crucial in forensic investigations.
- Existing methods may struggle with small or contaminated samples.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for differentiating polymer species.
- To develop TGA techniques for forensic applications.
Main Methods:
- Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was employed.
- Analysis of various polymers including polyvinyl chloride (PVC), chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC), polystyrene, polypropylene, nitriles, and nylon.
- Method validation with contaminated samples and small sample sizes (<5 mg).
Main Results:
- TGA demonstrated excellent discrimination between different polymer types.
- Effective identification was achieved despite the presence of silicates, organics, moisture, and char.
- Satisfactory results were obtained even with sample sizes below five milligrams.
Conclusions:
- Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is a powerful tool for polymer species determination.
- The developed TGA methods are suitable for forensic analysis, including blast fragments and arson debris.
- The technique is robust and effective even with challenging sample conditions.