Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Overview of the Vascular System

Overview of the Vascular System

The vascular system comprises an extensive network of arteries, capillaries, and veins. The vascular system can be broadly divided into the blood and lymphatic systems. Typically, blood vessels can be categorized into three histological regions: tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia. The tunica intima consists of a single layer of endothelial cells attached to the basal lamina. Underlying the basal lamina is a connective tissue layer and an elastic lamina that gives stability and...

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...

Arteries and Arterioles

Arteries and Arterioles

Arteries, the vasculature responsible for transporting blood from the heart, possess robust walls capable of enduring the elevated pressures exerted by the heartbeat. Arteries near the heart are especially thick-walled and enriched with elastic fibers across their three tunics, classifying them as elastic or conducting arteries. These arteries, usually with a diameter exceeding 10 mm, are characterized by their ability to dilate in response to the blood pumped from the heart's ventricles and...

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A Flying Platform to Investigate Neuronal Correlates of Navigation in the Honey Bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>).

Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience·2021

Same author

Increased Expression of miR-483-3p Impairs the Vascular Response to Injury in Type 2 Diabetes.

Diabetes·2018

Same author

Performance of One- Compared With Two-Catheter Concepts in Transradial Coronary Angiography (from the Randomized Use of Different Diagnostic Catheters-Radial-Trial).

The American journal of cardiology·2018

Same author

Effect of Physical Disability on Mortality in Elderly Patients of ≥80 Years of Age Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

The American journal of cardiology·2018

Same author

Correction to: Transcatheter valve-in-valve implantation (VinV-TAVR) for failed surgical aortic bioprosthetic valves.

Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society·2018

Same author

One-Year Outcomes after PCI Strategies in Cardiogenic Shock.

The New England journal of medicine·2018

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research

Published on: October 22, 2014

Endothelial function: a critical determinant in atherosclerosis?

Ulf Landmesser¹, Burkhard Hornig, Helmut Drexler

¹Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Abteilung Kardiologie und Angiologie, Carl Neuberg Str.1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.

|June 3, 2004

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Endothelial dysfunction, linked to conditions like high cholesterol and diabetes, impairs blood vessel function. Assessing this dysfunction may help identify patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease.

More Related Videos

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test

Published on: April 27, 2016

Using En Face Immunofluorescence Staining to Observe Vascular Endothelial Cells Directly

Using En Face Immunofluorescence Staining to Observe Vascular Endothelial Cells Directly

Published on: August 20, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research

Published on: October 22, 2014

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test

Published on: April 27, 2016

Using En Face Immunofluorescence Staining to Observe Vascular Endothelial Cells Directly

Using En Face Immunofluorescence Staining to Observe Vascular Endothelial Cells Directly

Published on: August 20, 2019

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Medicine
Vascular Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Atherosclerosis risk factors like hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking are linked to endothelial dysfunction.
Endothelial function is often assessed via endothelium-dependent vasomotion, assuming impaired vasodilation reflects broader endothelial dysfunction.
Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) plays key roles in vasodilation, anti-inflammation, and anti-thrombosis, inhibiting leukocyte and platelet adhesion and PAI-1 expression.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the prognostic implications of impaired endothelium-dependent vasomotion.
To investigate the role of reactive oxygen species and inflammation, including C-reactive protein, in endothelial dysfunction.
To determine if assessing endothelial function can clinically identify high-risk patients.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on endothelial dysfunction mechanisms and assessment.
Analysis of studies linking endothelial dysfunction to cardiovascular risk factors and prognosis.
Examination of emerging research on reactive oxygen species and inflammatory pathways in endothelial dysfunction.

Main Results:

Impaired endothelium-dependent vasomotion shows significant and independent prognostic implications.
Increased vascular production of reactive oxygen species is a common mechanism underlying endothelial dysfunction.
Inflammation and C-reactive protein may directly contribute to endothelial dysfunction.

Conclusions:

Assessment of endothelial function holds potential for clinical risk stratification.
Understanding mechanisms like reactive oxygen species regulation may yield novel therapeutic strategies.
Targeting endothelial dysfunction could improve patient prognosis in cardiovascular disease.