[Contusive retinal detachment: a retrospective review of 48 patients]

Analysis of the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of retinal detachment after ocular blunt trauma.

We retrospectively reviewed 48 patients with isolated retinal detachment after ocular blunt trauma, studying their epidemiological characteristics (age, sex and trauma circumstances), their clinic details and the surgical techniques used.

The average age of our patients was 39.3 Years; most were male (75%). Assault and home accidents were the most common cause of ocular trauma (83.2%). Total retinal detachment was noted in 47.9%. Of the retinal breaks found, dialysis at the ora serrata was observed in 22%, atrophic holes in 33.9%, retinal breaks in 40.6% and giant tears in 4.2%. Most of the breaks were situated at the lower temporal quadrant. Forty one out of the 48 patients were operated on, with surgical treatment consisting in episcleral surgery in 38 cases and vitreoretinal surgery in three cases. Complete anatomical success was achieved in 92.7%.

This survey shows that the prognosis of retinal detachment after ocular blunt trauma remains favorable given the young age and the absence of advanced vitreoretinal proliferation, but this should not affect the importance of prevention.