Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Unit Cells01:18

Unit Cells

126
A crystal's internal structure is an orderly array of atoms, ions, or molecules, and the details of this array significantly influence the solid's properties. In a crystal, periodically repeating 'structural motifs' - which could be atoms, molecules, or groups thereof - create a 'space lattice.' This is essentially a three-dimensional, infinite array of points, each surrounded by its neighbors in an identical way, forming the basic structure of the crystal.A 'unit cell' is a theoretical...
126
The Seven Crystal Systems: Overview01:24

The Seven Crystal Systems: Overview

292
Crystals with various point group symmetries belong to different crystal classes, which are synonymous terms. Despite being in the same class, crystals may have distinct shapes, like cubes and octahedra. There are 32 three-dimensional point groups, all of which are systematically divided into seven crystal systems.The basic cubic crystal system, exemplified by NaCl, features orthogonal vectors (α = β = �� = 90°) of equal lengths (a = b = c). When specific...
292
Crystallographic Point Groups01:29

Crystallographic Point Groups

126
Crystallographic point groups represent the various symmetry operations that can occur within crystals. They are unique in that at least one point will always remain unchanged during these actions. For instance, consider the triclinic system. This system, devoid of any axis or plane of symmetry, aligns with the C1 and Ci point groups.where Cᵢ is characterized solely by a center of inversion.Contrastingly, the monoclinic system introduces an element of symmetry. This system with one plane...
126
Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Point, Line and Plane Defects01:25

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Point, Line and Plane Defects

150
A perfect crystal, in theory, has a uniform structure with the same unit cell and lattice points throughout. However, any deviation from this periodic arrangement is known as an imperfection or defect. These defects can be categorized into three types: point, line, and plane defects.Point defects occur when there is a deviation from the ideal due to missing atoms, displaced atoms, or additional atoms. These imperfections might occur due to imperfect packing during crystallization or because of...
150
Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects01:26

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects

143
Schottky defects arise when some lattice points in a crystal, such as those in NaCl, remain unoccupied, creating lattice vacancies without disturbing the overall electrical neutrality of the crystal. This defect is common in ionic crystals where the positive and negative ions are similar in size, as seen in sodium chloride and cesium chloride. The presence of Schottky defects enables the crystal to conduct electricity to a small extent through an ionic mechanism. Electric fields cause nearby...
143
Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Non-Stoichiometric Defects01:29

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Non-Stoichiometric Defects

115
Non-stoichiometric defects refer to a type of defect in the crystal structure of a compound where the ratio of its constituent elements deviates from the ideal stoichiometric ratio. There are two main types of non-stoichiometric defects: metal excess defects and metal deficiency defects.Metal excess defects occur when there is a slight surplus of metal ions than what is required by the stoichiometric ratio of the compound. For example, heating a sodium chloride crystal in sodium vapor results...
115

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Who receives psychiatry-focused pharmacogenomic testing, and is it associated with prescribing patterns and acute care utilisation in depression? Real-world evidence from a large health system.

EBioMedicine·2026
Same author

Population Estimates and Hypertension and Diabetes Prevalence: Cross-Sectional Quantitative Study Comparing Electronic Health Record-Derived Counts, Census, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Population Level Analysis and Community Estimates.

JMIR public health and surveillance·2026
Same author

Topology-optimized distributed 3d anisotropic Raman emission.

Optics express·2026
Same author

High-speed graphene-based sub-terahertz receivers enabling wireless communications for 6G and beyond.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Inverse design of multiresonance filters via quasi-normal mode theory.

Optics express·2026
Same author

Eigenvalue-accelerated LDOS optimization of high-<i>Q</i> optical resonances.

Optics express·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
11:08

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Published on: November 30, 2012

18.7K

A three-dimensional optical photonic crystal with designed point defects.

Minghao Qi1, Elefterios Lidorikis, Peter T Rakich

  • 1Centre for Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. mqi@alum.mit.edu

Nature
|June 4, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Researchers fabricated 3D photonic crystals with integrated microcavities using a layer-by-layer lithography method. These photonic crystals operate at telecommunications wavelengths, enabling optical device integration.

More Related Videos

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
10:35

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials

Published on: September 26, 2014

11.2K
Fabrication of 1-D Photonic Crystal Cavity on a Nanofiber Using Femtosecond Laser-induced Ablation
13:02

Fabrication of 1-D Photonic Crystal Cavity on a Nanofiber Using Femtosecond Laser-induced Ablation

Published on: February 25, 2017

9.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
11:08

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Published on: November 30, 2012

18.7K
Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
10:35

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials

Published on: September 26, 2014

11.2K
Fabrication of 1-D Photonic Crystal Cavity on a Nanofiber Using Femtosecond Laser-induced Ablation
13:02

Fabrication of 1-D Photonic Crystal Cavity on a Nanofiber Using Femtosecond Laser-induced Ablation

Published on: February 25, 2017

9.3K

Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Materials Science
  • Optical Engineering

Background:

  • Photonic crystals enable optical device miniaturization and integration.
  • They exhibit novel physical phenomena like enhanced spontaneous emission and lasing.
  • Fabricating functional 3D photonic crystals with integrated microcavities at optical wavelengths remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a fabrication method for 3D photonic crystals suitable for optical device integration.
  • To introduce controllable microcavities within 3D photonic crystal structures.
  • To demonstrate optical properties of fabricated structures at telecommunications wavelengths.

Main Methods:

  • A lithographic layer-by-layer approach was employed for 3D photonic crystal fabrication.
  • Point-defect microcavities were integrated during the fabrication process.
  • Optical measurements (reflectance, transmittance) and numerical simulations were used for characterization.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated 3D photonic crystals with integrated point-defect microcavities.
  • Observed resonant signatures of microcavities around telecommunications wavelengths (1.3-1.5 microm).
  • Experimental optical measurements showed good agreement with numerical simulations.

Conclusions:

  • The developed lithographic layer-by-layer method enables the fabrication of 3D photonic crystals with integrated microcavities.
  • These structures are well-suited for optical device integration, particularly for telecommunications applications.
  • The findings pave the way for advanced photonic integrated circuits.