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Related Experiment Videos

Interactions between rhinitis and asthma.

Paul A Greenberger1

  • 1Division of Allergy-Immunology and the Ernest S. Bazley Asthma and Allergic Diseases Center, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago, Illinois 60611-3008, USA.

Allergy and Asthma Proceedings
|June 5, 2004
PubMed
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Allergic rhinitis significantly increases asthma risk. Treatments like intranasal steroids and allergen immunotherapy show promise in managing symptoms and potentially preventing asthma development in children.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pulmonology
  • Allergy

Background:

  • Allergic rhinitis affects up to 75% of asthma patients.
  • Individuals with allergic rhinitis have a threefold higher risk of developing asthma.
  • Allergen exposure triggers inflammatory responses in both the upper and lower airways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the link between allergic rhinitis and asthma development.
  • To investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved.
  • To review therapeutic interventions for allergic rhinitis and their impact on asthma.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of nasal and bronchial biopsy specimens after allergen challenge.
  • Assessment of inflammatory markers including cytokines and adhesion molecules.

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  • Review of clinical studies on intranasal corticosteroids and allergen immunotherapy.

    • Main Results:

    • Nasal and bronchial biopsies show increased eosinophils and specific adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin) post-allergen challenge.
    • Evidence suggests allergen exposure stimulates bone marrow progenitor cells for eosinophils/basophils.
    • Intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate and flunisolide reduce asthma symptoms in allergic rhinitis patients.
    • Inhaled budesonide can alleviate allergic rhinitis symptoms.
    • Allergen immunotherapy in children may prevent or reduce asthma incidence.

    Conclusions:

    • Allergic rhinitis is a significant risk factor for asthma.
    • Shared inflammatory pathways exist in the upper and lower airways.
    • Pharmacological and immunological interventions offer therapeutic potential for both conditions.