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Self-efficacy as a predictor of adjustment to multiple sclerosis
1School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee 53201.
Summary
Self-efficacy significantly predicts adjustment to multiple sclerosis (MS). While outcome expectations alone did not improve predictions, combining self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and disability degree explained over half of the variance in adjustment.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Neurology
- Rehabilitation Science
Background:
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) presents significant challenges to patient adjustment.
- Understanding psychological factors influencing adjustment is crucial for supportive care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the predictive ability of self-efficacy (SE) and outcome expectations (OE) on adjustment to multiple sclerosis (MS).
- To determine the combined predictive power of SE, OE, and degree of disability on MS adjustment.
Main Methods:
- A sample of 62 individuals with MS was surveyed.
- Regression analyses were used to assess the predictive relationships between SE, OE, disability, and adjustment.
Main Results:
- Self-efficacy expectations alone accounted for 24% of the variance in adjustment to chronic physical illness.
- Outcome expectations did not significantly enhance the predictive power of self-efficacy.
- A model including SE, OE, and degree of disability predicted 51% of the variance in adjustment.
Conclusions:
- Self-efficacy is a key psychological predictor of adjustment in individuals with MS.
- The degree of disability significantly contributes to adjustment, particularly when considered alongside self-efficacy and outcome expectations.
- Interventions aimed at enhancing self-efficacy may improve adjustment to multiple sclerosis.