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Related Experiment Videos

Diet and melanoma in a case-control study.

Amy E Millen1, Margaret A Tucker, Patricia Hartge

  • 1Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-7344, USA. millena@mail.nih.gov

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology
|June 9, 2004
PubMed
Summary

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A diet rich in vitamin D and carotenoids, and low in alcohol, may reduce melanoma risk. These potentially modifiable dietary factors warrant further investigation in prospective studies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Malignant melanoma incidence is rapidly increasing in the US.
  • Few modifiable risk factors for melanoma are known.
  • Dietary factors represent potentially modifiable risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between dietary factors and melanoma risk.
  • To identify specific nutrients and food components linked to melanoma.
  • To explore the role of alcohol consumption in melanoma development.

Main Methods:

  • Case-control study involving 502 newly diagnosed melanoma patients and 565 controls.
  • Food frequency questionnaires assessed dietary intake over the past year.
  • Logistic regression analysis calculated odds ratios (ORs) for melanoma risk based on nutrient and alcohol intake.

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Main Results:

  • High intake of vitamin D, alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, cryptoxanthin, lutein, and lycopene was associated with significantly reduced melanoma risk (ORs ≤ 0.67).
  • Supplement use did not provide additional risk reduction.
  • High alcohol consumption was linked to increased melanoma risk (OR = 1.65).

Conclusions:

  • Diets abundant in vitamin D and carotenoids, and low in alcohol, may lower melanoma risk.
  • These findings suggest a role for diet modification in melanoma prevention.
  • Further validation in large, prospective studies is recommended.