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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Orthotopic Implantation and Peripheral Immune Cell Monitoring in the II-45 Syngeneic Rat Mesothelioma Model

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Nodular histiocytic/mesothelial hyperplasia: a potential pitfall.

Shylashree Chikkamuniyappa¹, Jennifer Herrick, Jaishree S Jagirdar

¹Departments of Pathology & Anatomic Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78284, USA.

Annals of Diagnostic Pathology

|June 9, 2004

Summary

Nodular histiocytic/mesothelial hyperplasia presents with similar microscopic features across peritoneal, pulmonary, and pericardial locations. This study aims to prevent misdiagnosis of this rare condition by detailing its clinicopathologic characteristics.

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Area of Science:

Pathology
Histology
Oncology

Background:

Nodular histiocytic/mesothelial hyperplasia is a rare condition with distinct microscopic features.
The lesion can be mistaken for neoplastic processes due to cellularity and atypia.

Observation:

Five cases (peritoneal, pulmonary, pericardial) exhibited biphasic lesions with epithelioid and cuboidal cells.
Immunohistochemistry revealed most cells as histiocytes, with scattered calretinin-positive mesothelial cells.

Findings:

Histologic patterns were consistent with nodular histiocytic/mesothelial hyperplasia, regardless of anatomical site.
The lesion's features can mimic primary mesothelial lesions or various neoplasms.

Implications:

Accurate identification of nodular histiocytic/mesothelial hyperplasia is vital for pathologists.
Familiarity with this entity prevents misdiagnosis, especially in unusual locations for mesothelial cells.